L9110S Advantages, Pinout, Working Principle and Application
20 March 2024
Ⅳ. Hardware introduction of L9110S motor drive module
Ⅴ. Working principle of L9110S motor drive module
Ⅷ. How to realize the PWM speed regulation of L9110S motor driver?
L9110S is a cost-effective H-bridge driver dedicated circuit, which can be applied to electric toothbrushes, smart locks and infrared sensor trash cans and other low-voltage, low-current motor drive application scenarios. In this article, we will introduce the L9110S motor driver module in detail in terms of the principle of operation, advantages, applications and pinouts.
L9110S is a two-channel push-pull power amplifier ASIC device specially designed for controlling and driving motors. It highly integrates discrete circuits into a single-chip IC, thereby reducing the cost of peripheral components and improving the reliability of the entire machine. The chip has two TTL/CMOS compatible level inputs and exhibits excellent anti-interference performance. Its two output ends can directly drive the forward and reverse motion of the motor, showing strong current driving capability. Each channel can withstand a continuous current of 800mA, and the peak current capability can reach 1.5A. At the same time, L9110S has a lower output saturation voltage drop. The built-in clamping diode can effectively release the reverse inrush current of inductive loads, making it an excellent, safe and reliable application in driving relays, DC motors, stepper motors or switching power tubes. Therefore, L9110S is widely used in circuits such as toy car motor drives, pulse solenoid valve drives, stepper motor drives, and switching power tubes.
The advantages of L9110S are reflected in many aspects:
• It can drive 800mA motor.
• It has low standby current to meet low power consumption requirements.
• It has four driving functions, namely forward, reverse, braking and standby functions, which can meet the different working needs of electronic locks.
• It has a built-in over-temperature shutdown protection circuit. Once the motor is stalled, the L9110S can automatically shut down to effectively protect the chip.
• L9110S is packaged in SOP8 or DFN8. Although it has only 8 pins, its control logic is quite rich and can meet almost all the needs of motor speed control.
• L9110S has a built-in H-bridge drive circuit based on MOS tube design. Its low on-resistance (only 0.56Ω) ensures that the chip has extremely low power loss and thus has a longer working time.
L9110S has 6 pins, their names and descriptions are as follows:
Pin 1 (B-IA): Motor B input A
Pin 2 (B-IB): Motor B input B
Pin 3 (GND): Ground
Pin 4 (VCC): 2.5V ~ 12V DC
Pin 5 (A-IA): Motor A input A
Pin 6 (A-IB): Motor B input B
1. Power interface: This module requires a 5V to 12V DC power supply. The positive and negative poles of the power supply are connected to the VCC and GND interfaces of the module respectively.
2. LED indicator light: The module also has two LED indicators to indicate the working status of the module. One of the LED indicators is on to indicate that the module is powered on, and the other LED indicator is on to indicate that the motor is working.
3. Logic control interface: This module is equipped with two logic control interfaces, namely ENA and ENB. Through these two interfaces, it can effectively control the speed of the motor. Specifically, ENA and ENB correspond to two motors respectively. We only need to input different PWM signals to ENA and ENB to achieve precise control of the motor speed.
4. Motor interface: This module is equipped with two motor interfaces, dedicated to connecting two DC motors. Each motor interface contains two pins, IN1 and IN2. Among them, IN1 and IN2 are responsible for controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the motor. By sending different level signals, we can easily control the direction of the motor's operation.
The L9110S motor drive module integrates two H-bridge circuits. Each H-bridge circuit is composed of four transistors, including two NPN transistors and two PNP transistors. These transistors work together to control the forward and reverse rotation and speed of the motor. When a control signal is input, the L9110S motor drive module will control the corresponding transistor to turn on or off according to the signal status, thereby accurately regulating the rotation of the motor. For example, if we need to make the motor rotate clockwise, we can set the IN1 interface to a high-level signal and the IN2 interface to a low-level signal. At this time, the two PNP transistors in the H-bridge circuit will be turned on, while the two NPN transistors will be turned off, thereby driving the motor to rotate clockwise. In addition, the L9110S motor drive module is also equipped with a PWM interface. By inputting the PWM signal, we can adjust the motor speed according to the duty cycle of the signal. To sum up, the L9110S motor drive module achieves comprehensive control of the DC motor by accurately controlling the on and off transistors of the H-bridge circuit, combined with the adjustment of the PWM signal.
The components to be used are:
• Microcontroller (any compatible arduino)
• L9110 2-channel motor driver
• Pin connectors
• DC motors
• 2.5V to 12V DC external power supply
1. Connect the components using pin connectors. VCC pin is connected to a 2.5V to 12V DC external power supply which can handle 800mA, GND pin is connected to the GND, the A-IA, A-IB, B-IA, and B-IB pins are connected to the digital I/O pins. Pin number will be based on the actual program code.
2. After hardware connection, insert the sample sketch into the Arduino IDE.
3. Using a USB cable, connect the ports from the microcontroller to the computer.
4. Upload the program.
L9110S is a commonly used DC motor driver chip that supports motor speed regulation through PWM technology. PWM speed regulation is an effective method to control the motor speed by adjusting the signal pulse width. L9110S has two independent channels, each channel is equipped with a PWM input interface. By changing the pulse width input to these PWM interfaces, we can accurately control the speed of the motor.
When using L9110S for PWM speed regulation, we first need to connect the motor correctly. The positive and negative poles of the motor should be connected to the OUT1 and OUT2 pins of the chip respectively. Next, we connect the control signals (i.e. PWM signals) to the corresponding IN1 and IN2 pins respectively. By controlling the high and low levels of these input pins, the steering of the motor can be easily controlled. Specifically, when IN1 is high level and IN2 is low level, the motor rotates forward; conversely, when IN1 is low level and IN2 is high level, the motor rotates reversely.
To achieve PWM speed regulation, we only need to connect the output pin of the control signal to the appropriate GPIO port and set the corresponding PWM duty cycle through programming. The duty cycle refers to the proportion of high-level duration in a complete PWM signal cycle. The larger the duty cycle, the longer the high-level time, and the faster the motor speed; conversely, the smaller the duty cycle, the shorter the high-level time, and the slower the motor speed.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is a motor driver IC?
A motor driver IC is an integrated circuit chip which is usually used to control motors in autonomous robots. Motor driver ICs act as an interface between microprocessors in robots and the motors in the robot. The most commonly used motor driver IC's are from the L293 series such as L293D, L293NE, etc.
2. How does L9110 work?
The L9110 use only one voltage input for both motors and L9110 module logic. You only have to supply it one voltage (between 2.5 and 12V). The other 4 pins control the direction and speed of the motors. Pin IA1 and IB1 control motor A (speed and direction), and Pin IA2 and IB 2 control motor B (speed and direction).
3. What is L9110S?
The L9110S 2-Channel motor driver module is a compact board that can be used to drive small robots. This module has two independent motor driver chips which can each drive up 800mA of continuous current. The boards can be operated from 2.5V to 12V enabling this module to be used with both 3.3V and 5V microcontrollers.
